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GrainGenes Reference Report: PLC-57-215

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Reference	PLC-57-215
Title	Anther culture and chromosome reduction in wheat x Thinopyrum wide crosses
Journal	Plant Cell
Year	2000
Volume	57
Pages	215-218
Author	Sharma HC Benlhabib O Ohm HW
Abstract	Summary: There is little information on the anther culture response and cytogenetic nature of pollen-derived calli and regenerants of wide crosses in wheat. The anther culture response of three Thinopyrum species (wheatgrasses), their hybrids and backcrosses with wheat, and the chromosome composition of calli and regenerants were studied to determine the feasibility of efficient chromosome elimination and production of alien addition lines from wide crosses by anther culture in comparison with conventional backcrossing and selfing. Wide hybrids between wheat and wheatgrasses had up to a 2% callus induction response. Pollen sterility of wide hybrids and recalcitrance of wheatgrass parents may largely be responsible for their low response, in addition to culture stage, media and environmental factors. Anther culturability improved in backcrosses as the proportion of wheatgrass chromosomes decreased and fertility increased. Overall the wheat x Th. trichophorum cross had the best response; that is up to 37% callus induction from some BC2 plants. A large variation was found in chromosome numbers in callus roots examined in the BC2 generation. Mixoploidy was frequent. Data indicated that the chromosome numbers in the pollen-derived organs/plants can be reduced to produce alien addition lines
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 23 ] anther culture backcross backcrossing barbulatus callus chromosome chromosome elimination chromosome number culture media elymus hispidus elymus hispidus subsp fertility genetic variation intergeneric hybridization interspecific hybridization methodology micropropagation pollen reduction regenerative ability roots thinopyrum triticum aestivum

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