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GrainGenes Reference Report: TAG-89-344

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Reference	TAG-89-344
Title	Chromosomal location of genes controlling short-term and long-term somatic embryogenesis in wheat revealed by immature embryo culture of aneuploid lines
Journal	Theoretical and Applied Genetics
Year	1994
Volume	89
Pages	344-350
Author	Henry Y Marcotte J De-Buyser J
Abstract	The expression of essential genes during somatic embryogenesis can be analysed by inducing aneuploid cells to undergo embryogenesis during immature embryo culture and then determining whether defects occur Triticum aestivum disomic and aneuploid stocks, including 36 ditelosomics and 7 nullitetrasomic 'Chinese Spring' wheats, were compared for their ability to undergo somatic embryogenesis after 2 months of in vitro immature embryo culture Their regeneration capacity was observed after 4 and 14 months of in vitro culture to determine which chromosome arms influence the process The large range of variation found among the tested aneuploids suggested that genetic control of the somatic tissue culture ability is polygenic Our results indicate that genes affecting somatic embryogenesis and regeneration are located in all of the homoeologous chromosome groups The lack of chromosome arms 1 AL (DT 1AS) and 3DL (DT 3DS) practically suppresses somatic embryogenesis, demonstrating that major genes on wheat chromosome arms 1AL and 3DL control regeneration capacity Results suggest that plants were mainly produced from somatic embryo development. Although the control of somatic embryogenesis and regeneration is polygenic, the genes located on the long arms of homoeologous group 3 chromosomes have a major effect. We also have evidence of chromosome arms that determine the time required for regeneration.
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 13 ] aneuploidy chromosome duration embryo-culture gene expression gene-location genes homoeologous-chromosomes line-differences lines regenerative-ability somatic-embryogenesis triticum aestivum

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