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GrainGenes Reference Report: GNM-44-1000

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Reference	GNM-44-1000
Title	Genotypic variation in tetraploid wheat affecting homoeologous pairing in hybrids with Aegilops peregrina
Journal	Genome
Year	2001
Volume	44
Pages	1000-1006
Author	Ozkan H Feldman M
Abstract	Summary: The Ph1 gene has long been considered the main factor responsible for the diploid-like meiotic behavior of polyploid wheat. This dominant gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 5B (5BL), suppresses pairing of homoeologous chromosomes in polyploid wheat and in their hybrids with related species. Here we report on the discovery of genotypic variation among tetraploid wheats in the control of homoeologous pairing. Compared with the level of homoeologous pairing in hybrids between Aegilops peregrina and the bread wheat cultivar Chinese Spring (CS), significantly higher levels of homoeologous pairing were obtained in hybrids between Ae. peregrina and CS substitution lines in which chromosome 5B of CS was replaced by either 5B of Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides line 09 (TTD09) or 5G of Triticum timopheevii ssp. timopheevii line 01 (TIM01). Similarly, a higher level of homoeologous pairing was found in the hybrid between Ae. peregrina and a substitution line of CS in which chromosome arm 5BL of line TTD140 substituted for 5BL of CS. It appears that the observed effect on the level of pairing is exerted by chromosome arm 5BL of T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, most probably by an allele of Ph1. Searching for variation in the control of homoeologous pairing among lines of wild tetraploid wheat, either T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides or T. timopheevii ssp. armeniacum, showed that hybrids between Ae. peregrina and lines of these two wild wheats exhibited three different levels of homoeologous pairing: low, low intermediate, and high intermediate. The low-intermediate and high-intermediate genotypes may possess weak alleles of Ph1. The three different T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides pairing genotypes were collected from different geographical regions in Israel, indicating that this trait may have an adaptive value. The availability of allelic variation at the Ph1 locus may facilitate the mapping, tagging, and eventually the isolation of this important gene
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 60 ] aegilops allele alleles allelic variation availability behavior bread bread wheat canada chinese chinese spring chromosome chromosome arm cultivar dicoccoides diploid-like meiotic behavior discovery dominant dominant gene gene genetic control of pairing genotype genotypic variation homoeologous chromosomes hybrid intermediate isolation israel locus long arm mapping meiotic behavior pairing ph1 ph1 gene ph1 locus polyploid polyploid wheat promotion region regulator gene spring substitution substitution lines tetraploid tetraploid wheat tetraploid wheats timopheevii trait triticum triticum timopheevii triticum turgidum triticum turgidum ssp dicoccoides turgidum wheat wheat cultivar wild wild emmer wild tetraploid wheat wild wheat

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