INSTITUTE OF PLANT PRODUCTION N.A. V.YA. YURJEV
National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine, Moskovs'kiy pr., 142, Kharkiv, 61060, Ukraine.
Svitlana V. Rabinovych and Oleg Yu. Leonov.
Bahira. Developed by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Bred by V.V. Shelepov, V.M. Remeslo, V.I. Dubovyi, L.M. Holik, G.S. Basanets', L.P. Bershads'ka, S.M. Marynka, V.V. Kyrylenko, S.O. Khomenko (MIW), V.V. Morhun, and V.F. Logvynenko (IPPG).
This cultivar was created by multiple individual selection from a plant population obtained by transformation of the spring wheat Sunnan (Sweden) into a winter type. Economic and biological characteristics include high yield capacity in competitive trials at the MIW, 5.9 t/ha, which is 0.46 higher than that of the standard Myronivs'ka 61 and in 2005 at the Volyn'skiy Experimental Point, Bahira yielded 9.8 t/ha; a medium ripening time; high resistance to lodging (9 score); high winter hardiness (9); resistance to drought and shattering (9); resistance to powdery mildew (score of 7), leaf rust (5), Septoria (5), and root rot (6). The grain volume weight is 750-790 g/l, grain protein content 13.8 %, raw gluten 25-28 %, and bread volume 690-800 cu cm. Bahira is a lutescens variety with a medium plant height (85-100 cm), red grain, and 1,000-kernel weight of 40 g.
Vdyachna. Developed by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Bred by V.V. Shelepov, L.P. Bershads'ka, G.S. Basanets', S.M. Marynka, V.M. Remeslo, L.M. Holik, V.T. Koluchiy (MIW), V.V. Morhun, and V.F. Logvynenko (IPPG).
This cultivar was created by group selection from the line Erythrospermum 13908, which was obtained by means of transformation of growth habit of line BT-2288 (Tunisia) into a winter type. In competitive trials at the MIW (2002-04), Vdyancha yielded 7.5 t/ha, equal to that of Myronivs'ka 65. Vdyacnha is very early maturing; resistant to drought and shattering; resistant to powdery mildew (score 6), leaf rust (6), and Septoria (5). The grain volume weight is 840 g/l, grain protein content 14.4 %, gluten content 36.2 %, and bread volume 820 cu cm. Vdyachna is a strong wheat of the erythrospermum variety. Plant height is 85-100 cm, grain is oval and very large. The 1,000-kernel weight is 52 g.
Voloshkova. Developed by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M.Remeslo of UAAS and Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS. In State Cultivar Trial since 2004. Breeders included V.V. Shelepov, V.M. Remeslo, V.I. Dubovyi, L.M. Holik, L.P. Bershads'ka, V.V. Kyrylenko, S.M. Marynka, S.O. Khomenko (MIW), V.V. Morhun, and V.F. Logvynenko (IPPG).
This cultivar was created by multiply individual selection from a plant population obtained by transformation of the spring wheat cultivar Elambard (France) into a winter type. Voloshkova has a high yield capacity in competitive trials (2000-02) 6.4 t/ha, which is higher than that of the standard cultivar Myronivs'ka 61 by 0.6 t/ha. In 2005 at the Volyn'skiy Experimental Point, Voloshkova yielded 8.9 t/ha. This cultivar is medium maturing, with high resistance to lodging (9 score); high winter hardiness (9); and highly resistant to seed fall (9), drought (8-9), powdery mildew (7), leaf rust, and Septoria (5). Grain protein content is 13.4 %, raw gluten 25-27 %, flour strength 224 alveograph units, and bread volume 650-720 cu cm. Voloshkova is a lutescens variety with medium plant height (83-110 cm), red grain, and a 1,000-kernel weight of 42.8 g.
Harazivka. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M.Remeslo of UAAS. In State Cultivar Trial since 2003. Bred by V.I. Dubovyi, R.V. Yaremenko, and T.Ya. Hayvorons'ka.
Harazivka was created by selection frost-resistant plants of Lutescens 26769 (in the pedigree of the cultivar Illichivka) under conditions of frost exposure. With a high yield capacity between 7.3-7.9 t/ha, Harazivka is a medium maturing (vegetative period 290-302 days) and highly frost resistance under artificial frost exposure (9 score). Harazivka also is highly resistance to lodging (9 score), seed fall (9), drought (8-9), powdery mildew (7), leaf rust, and Septoria (6). Milling and bread making qualities of the cultivar are high. Gluten content is 25.7 % (1st group), flour strength is 224 alveograph units, and bread volume is 710 cu cm. Harazivka is of the valuable wheat quality class, a lutescens variety, has a 1,000-kernel weight of 42-46 g.
Dubynka. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS. In State Cultivar Trial since 2003. The breeding team was V.I. Dubovyi, R.V. Yaremenko, and T.Ya.Hayvorons'ka.
Dubynka was created by exposure to frost and selection of frost-resistant plants from the line Erythrospermum 26146 (pedigree: Napivkarlyk 3 (Kharkiv) / Myronivs'ka 27 (Myronivka)). This cultivar has a high yield capacity (7.0-8.0 t/ha), a guaranteed yield increase 0.6-1.8 t/ha. Dubynka is medium-late maturing (vegetative period 294-306 days) with high winter hardiness (score of 9); and highly resistant to lodging (8), seed fall (9), drought (8-9); and powdery mildew, leaf rust, and Septoria (scores of 6). Milling and bread making qualities of the cultivar are good, grain protein content is 14.0 %, gluten content 25.0-28.6 % (1st group), flour strength 211-278 alveograph units, and a bread volume 780-860 cu cm. Dubynka belongs to the valuable wheat quality class, is of the erythrospermum variety, and has a 1,000-kernel weight of 44-48 g.
Dashen'ka. Developed by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2004. Bred by O.L. Dergachov, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, O.M. Cheremkha, A.A. Shevchenko (MIW), V.V. Morhun, and V.F. Logvynenko (IPPG).
The cultivar Dashen'ka was created by intraspecific hybridization with the pedigree 'Myronivs'ka 27 (Ukraine) / SMH 583 (Poland) // Myronivs'ka 62 (Ukraine)' followed by individual selection. Dasen'ka high yielding; producing 5.6 t/ha between 1998-02 (Myronivs'ka 61 check was 5.2 t/ha). The highest yield obtained was 9.1 t/ha in 1998. The cultivar is of the intensive type and medium maturity, heading simultaneously with Myronivs'ka 61. Dashen'ka is resistant to lodging and preharvest sprouting, is as winter hardy as Myronivs'ka 61, resistant to drought, powdery mildew and leaf rust (scored 5), and Septoria (score of 6). Grain quality strength of flour is 227 alveograph units, bread volume from 100 g of flour is 732 cu cm, and total bread value is 4.2. Myronivs'ka is of the valuable wheat quality class, belongs to the variety lutescens, and has a 1,000-kernel weight of 38-42 g.
Ekonomika. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and the Institute of Plant Protection of UAAS (IPP). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. The breeding team included V.V. Kyrylenko V.V. Shelepov, V.I. Dubovyi, L.A. Kolomyyets, V.A. Vlasenko, L.V. Dubyna L.P. Bershads'ka, G.S. Basanets', G.M. Kovalyshyna, V.T. Kolyuchyi, G.P. Marusych (MIW), M.P. Lisovyi, Z.M. Dovhal', and M.P. Sokolovs'ka (IPP).
Ekonomika was created by individual selection from a group resistant to diseases with the use of complex infection backgrounds for the most important pathogens of winter wheat in the F3 of hybrid combination 'P.r. 12/96 / Lutescens 24446'. Ekonomika has a high yield capacity. In competitive trials at MIW, Ekonomika yielded 8.1 t/ha, which is 0.5 higher than that of the Myronivs'ka 65 check. Ekonomika is a medium- early ripening and has high winter hardiness. Resistant to preharvest sprouting, Ekonomika also is resistant to disease, including powdery mildew (8), leaf rust (7-8, Septoria leaf blotch (6), Cercosporella (6), and Fusarium head blight (6). Grain volume is 786 g/l, grain protein content is 13.5 %, raw gluten is 27 %, and bread volume is 840 cu cm. Ekonomika is a valuable wheat of the lutescens variety with a plant height of 100 cm and 1,000-kernel weight of 40-45 g.
Kalynova. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Bred by the team of V.A. Vlasenko, V.V. Shelepov, S.M. Marynka, S.O. Khomenko, L.A. Kolomyyets, G.S. Basanets' (MIW), V.V. Morhun, V.F. Logvynenko, and I.P. Artemchuk (IPPG).
Kalynova was created by individual selection of spikes in the F4M4 and an elite plant in the F5M5 progeny of the hybrid-mutant combination 'Kyivs'ka 7 / Albatros odes'kyi + Diazoacetilbutan 0.1 %). Kalynova is high yielding, producing 8.2 t/ha in competitive trials at MIW, which is 0.6 higher than the Myronivs'ka 65 check. A medium maturity wheat, the cultivar has high winter hardiness (score of 9). Kalynova has resistance to powdery mildew (7), leaf rust (6), and Septoria (6). With a grain volume weight of 822 g/l, a grain protein content of 13.4 %, raw gluten of 29.6 %, and a bread volume of 860 cu cm, Kalynova belongs in the valuable wheat quality class. Kalynova is of the lutescens variety and has a plant height of 107 cm and a 1,000-kernel weight of 42.6 g.
Kolos Myronivshchyny. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Breeders include L.A. Kolomyyets, V.I. Dubovyi, V.V. Shelepov, V.V. Kyrylenko, V.A. Vlasenko, G.S. Basanets', L.P. Bershads'ka, V.T. Kolyuchyi, V.I. Ishchenko (MIW), V.V. Morhun, and V.F. Logvynenko, (IPPG).
This cultivar was selected from an elite plant in the F3 of the hybrid-mutant combination 'Donyets'ka 39 / Erythrospermum 26561'. Kolos Myronivshchyny has a high yield capacity, yielding 7.5 t/ha in 2002-05 in competitive trials at the MIW, which is 0.5 higher than the check cultivar. Medium maturing, the cultivar has high winter hardiness scores (8-9) and is resistant to drought and shattering. The cultivar is susceptible to powdery mildew (10 %), leaf rust (15 %), and Septoria (10 %). Kolos Myronivshchyny has a grain volume weight of 800 g/l, a grain protein content of 13.8 %, raw gluten of 28-34 %, a bread volume of 770 cu cm, belongs to the lutescens variety, has a plant height of 105 cm, and a 1,000-kernel weight of 41 g.
Mytets'. Released by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M.Remeslo of UAAS. In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Breeders are M.P. Chebakov, G.D. Lebedeva, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, O.M. Cheremkha, L.O. Turchenyuk, and L.O. Zhyvotkov.
The cultivar is created by the way of intraspecies hybridization with following individual chose from hybrid combination Inna / Mercia // Fedorivka. The yield capacity of Mytets' in competitive trials at the MIW in 2004 was 0.9 t/ha. Winter hardiness is higher than average. Plant height is medium. The cultivar is of an intensive type. With medium maturity (vegetative period of 274 days), Mytets' is resistant to lodging and shattering. Disease resistance in this cultivar is 10 % to powdery mildew, 15 % to leaf rust, 8 % to Fusarium head blight, and 15 % to Septoria. Raw gluten content is 25.5 %, flour strength is 310 alveograph units, bread volume is 670 cu cm, and grain vitrosity is 95 %. Mytets' belongs to the valuable wheat quality class and is of the variety lutescens. Plant height is 92-108 cm. The 1,000-kernel weight is 42.0 g. Mytets' has very good response to mineral fertilization.
Mad'arka (Syn. Maritsa). Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Bred by M.P. Chebakov, G.D. Lebedeva, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, O.M. Cheremkha, V.V. Sorokin, V.T. Kolyuchyi (MIW), V.V. Morhun, V.F. Logvynenko, and I.P. Artemchuk (IPPG).
This cultivar was created by mass selection from the winter wheat line F5 (MV-213-98). Yield in competitive trial at the MIW was 8.7 t/ha (2004). Winter hardiness is above average. The cultivar is of the intensive type. A medium maturing cultivar, the vegetative period is 276 days. Mad'arka is highly resistant to lodging and shattering. Disease resistance on infection were 8 % to powdery mildew, 10 % to leaf rust, 7 % to Fusarium head blight, and 10 % to Septoria. Raw gluten content is 29.5 %, flour strength is alveograph units, bread volume is 650 cu cm, and grain vitrosity is 95 %. Mad'arka is a valuable wheat for quality class and of the variety lutescens. Plant height is 120 cm, and the 1,000-kernel weight is 44 g. The cultivar has very good response to mineral fertilization.
Monolog. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. The breeding team was M.P. Chebakov, G.D. Lebedeva, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, O.M. Cheremkha, V.V. Sorokin, H.M. Kovalyshyna, and L.P. Mel'nikova.
Monolog was created by intraspecific hybridization with an individual chosen from the hybrid combination 'TAM 200 / Myronivs'ka 29'. Yield in a competitive trial at the MIW was 8.0 t/ha in 2004. Winter hardiness is above average. Monology is an intensive cultivar with medium maturity, a vegetative period of 272 days, resistant to lodging and shattering. When exposed to disease pressure, Monolog was infected 5 % by powdery mildew, 5 % by leaf rust, 7 % by Fusarium head blight, and 10 % by Septoria. Raw gluten content is 29.5%, flour strength is 340 alveograph units, bread volume is 760 cu cm, and grain vitrosity is 95 %. Monology is of the valuable quality class. The variety is erythrospermum. Plant height is 90-110 cm and 1,000-kernel weight is 40.8 g. Monology has very good response to mineral fertilization.
Monotyp. Developed at the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW) and Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of Ukrainian NAS (IPPG). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. The breeding team included M.P. Chebakov, G.D. Lebedeva, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, H.M. Kovalyshyna (MIW), V.V. Morhun, V.F. Logvynenko, and I.P. Artemchuk (IPPG).
This cultivar was created by intraspecific hybridization with one individual chosen from the hybrid combination 'Lutescens 9950 / CIMMYT 15 // Erythrospermum 10071'. Yield in a competitive trial at the MIW was 8.7 t/ha in 2004. Winter hardiness is greater than average. The cultivar is of the intensive type. Monotyp is a medium maturing wheat with a vegetative period of 272 days. Monotyp is resistant to lodging and shattering. Under disease pressure, Monotyp has 10 % infection by powdery mildew, 1 % by leaf rust, 8 % by Fusarium head blight, and 12 % by Septoria. Raw gluten content is 29.0 %, flour strength is 240 alveograph units, bread volume is 720 cu cm, and grain vitrosity is 95 %. Monotyp is of the valuable quality class and the variety erythrospermum. Plant height is 75-85 cm and 1,000-kernel weight is 40.2 g. Monotyp has very good response to mineral fertilization.
Modus (Syn. Mykolayivka). Developed by the Myronivs'kiy Institute of Wheat n.a. V.M. Remeslo of UAAS (MIW). In State Cultivar Trial since 2005. Bred by M.P. Chebakov, G.D. Lebedeva, N.P. Zamlila, G.B. Vologdina, O.M. Cheremkha, H.M. Kovalyshyna, and L.O. Zhyvotkov.
Modus was created by intraspecific hybridization and an individual
was chosen from the hybrid combination 'H.18264 / H.27556-78 //
Adriano'. Yield in competitive trial at the MIW was 8.6 t/ha in
2004. Modus has above average winter hardiness and is an intensive
type cultivar. Of medium maturity, the vegetative period is 274
days. Modus is highly resistant to lodging and shattering. Modus
is infected 12 % with powdery mildew, 5 % with leaf rust, 10 %
with Fusarium head blight, and 5 % with Septoria. Raw gluten content
is 28.5%, flour strength is 220 alveograph units, bread volume
is 640 cu cm, and grain vitrosity is 95%. Modus is of the valuable
quality class and the lutescens variety. Plant height is between
85-100 cm and 1,000-kernel weight is 40.7 g.
V.P. Petrenkova, S.V. Rabinovych, I.M. Chernyaeva, and L.M. Chernobay.
In order to study the inheritance of disease resistance, some lines and cultivars of winter wheat with resistance to head smut and leaf spot were crossed. The lines included Erythrospermum 24220, Tyler, CO 890323, CO 900134, CO 900166, Ae. juvenalis/6*CHRIS//9*Selkirk, Ae. ventricosa/T. durum//3*Selkirk, Brigadier, and Norman. Hybrid F1 of 80 crosses were grown in 2005. Preliminary analysis of resistance to Septoria and leaf rust were made.
In one experiment, Septoria-resistant and moderately resistant lines (Norman, Brigadier, Myronivs'ka 68, and Kharkivs'ka 105) were crossed with susceptible lines (Napivkarlyk 3, Odes'ka napivkarlykova, Turbo, and Renown). Intermediate levels of resistance were found in the F1 hybrids of 'Myronivs'ka 68 / Napivkarlyk 3', 'Kharkivs'ka 105 / Napivkarlyk 3', and 'Kharkivs'ka 105 / Odes'ka napivkarlykova'. F1 hybrids from crosses 'Norman / Turbo', 'Brigadier / Turbo', and ;Brigadier / Renown' had dominant resistance genes. No cytoplasmic effect was observed.
The F1 hybrids from crosses of resistant and moderately resistant to Septoria from different ecological areas were 'Myronivs'ka 67 / Brigadier', 'Norman / Myronivs'ka 68', 'Myronivs'ka 68 / VP 655', 'Knyazhna / Myronivs'ka 68'. No hybrid was better than the parental lines.
We observed resistance to leaf rust in some of the parental forms used in the crosses as sources of resistance to head smut and leaf spot, and this was transferred to the F1 hybrids. The F1 of line TX71A1039 in reciprocal crosses with three susceptible wheats scored a 7 (on a 1-9 scale with 9 the most resistant). High leaf rust resistance (score of 8) also was observed in reciprocal crosses with the cultivar Brigadier.
Leaf rust resistance was fully dominate in the F1 hybrids of Erythrospermum 24220 (score of 7) as the maternal parent with two susceptible and two moderately susceptible forms. In one cross, the inheritance was intermediate. In reciprocal crosses with Erythrospermum 24220 as male parent, no dominance was observed or the hybrids were equal in resistance to that of the susceptible maternal form. The leaf rust-resistant wheat Myronivs'ka 68 when crossed with the susceptible cultivar Napivkarlyk 3 did not produce any resistant progeny.
The parental forms together with the hybrid F1 and F2 of the above crosses were sown in autumn 2005 to study the inheritance of the resistance to Septoria, leaf rust, and head smut. A series of crosses with 68 combinations also were made with 15 new sources of resistance to Septoria, leaf rust, and head smut to study their donor ability and development of perspective initial material for breeding.
KHARKOV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Svoboda sq. 4, Kharkov, 61077, Ukraine.
V.V. Zhmurko and O.A. Avksentyeva.
Vrn genes determine the type of development (spring or winter) in wheat. In spring genotypes, Vrn genes define the speed of transition from vegetative to generative stages (Pugsley 1971). In our intensive investigation, molecular-genetic mechanisms were used to determine the expression of this gene in cultivars and NILs of wheat under the influence of cold temperature (vernalization) (Beales et al. 2005, Danyluk et al. 2003).
Phytohormones are one of the main physiological systems of regulation of growth and development in plants (Gaspar et al. 2003). The process by which Vrn genes act may be through changes phytohormone activity. The transition in photoperiod-sensitive species to different length days is under the control of the phytohormones indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CK), and gibberellic acid (GA) (Pugsley 1971). The control of growth and development of plants is determined by the interaction between the different phytohormones (Zhmurko 2001).
The purpose of our study is the interaction between IAA and ABA in leaves of Vrn gene NILs of soft wheat during ontogenesis. The soft wheat cultivar Mironovskaya 808, a spring type with the genotype Vrn1Vrn1, Vrn2Vrn2, and Vrn3Vrn3, and a winter genotype with Vrn1Vrn1, Vrn2Vrn2, and Vrn3Vrn3, were used. Plants were grown in the field after a spring sowing. During the vegetative phase, Vrn genes probably express at different times in spring genotypes because they differ in speed of transition to the flowering phase.
Our previous research showed that the first transition to flowering in the Vrn3Vrn3 line is over 4-5 days, lines with Vrn1Vrn1 and Vrn2Vrn2 flower 25-30 days later (Zhmurko et al. 2004). When sown in the spring, winter-type lines do not transition to flowering.
Phytohormones in spring-type lines with Vrn1Vrn1 and Vrn2Vrn2 during the vegetative phase show IAA increases and then has a small decrease at the finish of the vegetative period (Table 1). In Vrn2Vrn2 lines. this change begins and ends earlier. The IAA content in Vrn3Vrn3 lines decreases insignificantly. In the winter line Vrn1Vrn1 Vrn2Vrn2 Vrn3Vrn3, almost no change was observed.
| NIL | Genotype | Type | Stage of development | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 June | 25 June | 02 July | 09 July | |||
| IAA | ||||||
| 1 | Vrn1Vrn1 | spring | 24.6 ± 1.2 | 27.0 ± 1.3 | 35.0 ± 1.3 | 27.1 ± 1.4 |
| 2 | Vrn2Vrn2 | spring | 24.2 ± 1.3 | 30.1 ± 1.4 | 28.1 ± 1.3 | 24.0 ± 1.4 |
| 3 | Vrn3Vrn3 | spring | 29.2 ± 1.3 | 25.0 ± 1.4 | 26.0 ± 1.4 | 27.0 ± 1.5 |
| 0 | Vrn112233 | winter | 27.0 ± 1.2 | 27.0 ± 1.2 | 28.0 ± 1.2 | 30.0 ± 1.2 |
| ABA | ||||||
| 1 | Vrn1Vrn1 | spring | 91.6 ± 3.2 | 82.0 ± 2.3 | 71.0 ± 2.3 | 53.1 ± 1.4 |
| 2 | Vrn2Vrn2 | spring | 88.2 ± 4.3 | 89.1 ± 3.4 | 49.1 ± 1.3 | 71.0 ± 2.4 |
| 3 | Vrn3Vrn3 | spring | 90.2 ± 4.3 | 82.0 ± 2.4 | 65.0 ± 1.4 | 77.0 ± 2.5 |
| 0 | Vrn112233 | winter | 86.0 ± 2.2 | 71.0 ± 1.2 | 61.0 ± 1.2 | 77.0 ± 2.2 |
| IAA/ABA | ||||||
| 1 | Vrn1Vrn1 | spring | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.49 | 0.51 |
| 2 | Vrn2Vrn2 | spring | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.57 | 0.34 |
| 3 | Vrn3Vrn3 | spring | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.41 |
| 0 | Vrn112233 | winter | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.46 | 0.39 |
The ABA content in the spring line Vrn1Vrn1 gradually decreased during the vegetative phase. In spring lines with Vrn2Vrn2 and Vrn3Vrn3 and the winter lines, the ABA concentration decreases until the finish of the vegetative period, then increases. The correlation between IAA and ABA increases in spring Vrn1Vrn1 lines during the vegetative phase. In spring lines Vrn2Vrn2 and Vrn3Vrn3 and the winter Vrn1Vrn1 Vrn2Vrn2 Vrn3Vrn3, the correlation between IAA and ABA increases gradually but then decreases at the end of the vegetative period.
Our preliminary results allow us to propose that the speed of regulation in the vegetative phase in these NILs is due to the interaction between IAA and ABA. However, this question needs a more detail investigation of the role IAA, ABA, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins in regulating the development in NILs of spring and winter type.
Financial support. This work supported by grant 17-2003 from the fond of fundamental researches of Kharkov national university.
References.