The present list of gene symbols for genes for reaction to powdery mildew comprises about 150 symbols in the five systems proposed over time, Reg (Reaction Erysiphe graminis), M1 (mildew), JM1 (Japanese mildew), Pm (Powdery mildew), and Er (Erysiphe). It is prepared from the symbols listed by Nilan (1964) to which we have added the symbols that we have found in the literature since about 1960.

The first section of the list comprises the Reg symbols, followed by sections comprising the M1, the JM1, the Pm, and the Er symbols. Within each section the gene symbols are arranged according to locus designation and according to allele designation in either numerical or alphabetical order.

Following gene symbols are given the chromosome and - arm for the gene (S and L means short and long chromosome arm, respectively (cf. BGN 15:85), and - means unknown). Then are listed the synonyms that are known or that we consider likely. Then follows a column indicating the name or designation of the barley variety or line either a) in which the gene was identified, b) a derivative of that barley, or C) a barley known to possess the gene (- indicates that the name is unknown). The last column indicate the institution(s) from which seed samples may be obtained. The CI or HOR numbers, when known, are listed in this column.

The present list of gene symbols for genes for reaction to Powdery mildew comprises about 150 symbols in the five systems proposed over time, Reg (Reaction Erysiphe graminis), Ml (mildew), JML (Japanese mildew), PM (Powdery mildew), and Er (Erysiphe). It is prepared from the symbols listed by NILAN (1964) to which we have added the symbols that we have found in the literature since about 1960.

The first section of the list comprises the Reg symbols, followed by sections comprising the Ml, the JMl, the Pm, and the Er symbols. Within each section the gene symbols are arranged according to locus designation and according to allele designation in either numerical or alphabetical order.

Following gene symbols are given the chromosome and - arm for the gene (S and L means short and long chromosome arm, respectively (cf. BGN 15:85), and - means unknown). Then are listed the synonyms that are known or that we consider likely. Then follows a column indicating the name or designation of the barley variety or line either a) in which the gene was identified, b) a derivative of that barley, or c) a barley known to possess the gene (- indicates that the name is unknown). The last column indicate the institution(s) from which seed samples may be obtained. The CI or HOR numbers, when known, are listed in this column.

Brückner, F. : The inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC f. sp. hordei Marchal) in the Ethiopian barley Ab. 1128. Genetica a slecht. 13, 9-12, 1977

Brückner, F.: The finding of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC var. hordei Marchal) race on barley: A race virulent to resistance genes Ml-a9 and Ml-a14. Ochr. Rostl. 18, 101-105, 1982a,

Brückner, F.: The breeding of the "Karat" cultivar of spring barley. Genetica a slecht. 18, 265-270, 1982b

Doll, H. & H.P. Jensen: Localization of powdery mildew resistance gene Ml-ra on barley chromosome 5. Hereditas 105, 61-65, 1986

Favret, E.A.: Induced mutations for resistance to diseases. Genetica Agraris 13, 1-26. 1960

Favret, Z.A.: Induced mutations in breeding for disease resistance. Radiation Dot. 5 suppl. pp. 521-536, 1965

Favret, E.A.: The host-pathogen system and its genetic relationships. In: Barley Genetics 11. pp. 457-471, 1971

Giese, H.: Powdery mildew resistance genes in the MI-a and MI-k regions on chromosome S. Hereditas 95, 51-62, 1981

Giese, H., J. Belum; Jørgensen, H.P. Jensen & J. Jensen: Linkage relationships of ten powdery mildew resistance genes on barley chromosome 5. Hereditas 95, 43-50, 1981

Hayashi, J. & H. Beta: Association of a mildew resistance gene JMlh in Hanna 906 with chromosome 6. BGN 15, 46-47, 1985

Hentrich, W.: Test for the selection of mildew-resistant mutants in spring barley. In: Induced Mutations Against Plant Diseases. IAEA - Vienna pp. 333-33, 1977

Hiura, U.: Studies on the disease- resistance in barley IV.* Genetics of the resistance of powdery mildew. Berichte des Ohara Inst. für Landwirtschaftlische Biologie. 11: 235-300. 1960

Hiura, U., Y.W. Ra & H. Nets: Genes conditioning mildew reactions of Nepales barley strains and barley variety Turkey 290. Nogaku Kenkyu 53, 91-98. 1969 (In Japanese)

Jahoor, A.: Mehitauresistenz irsaelischer Wildgersten-Resistenzopektrum, Venerbung und Lakalisiorung, Dios. Landw. Fakultät der Techn. UniversitIt München (in press) 1987

Jahoor, A. & G. Fischbeck: Localization of resistance genes against powdery mildew lit Hordeum spontaneum. In: Barley Genetics V. Proc. fifth Intern. Barley Genetics Symposium, Okayama, Japan. October 1986 (in press) 1987

Jensen, H.P. & J. Helms Jørgensen: Powdery mildew resistance genes in north-west european winter barley varieties. Tidaskrift for Planteavi 85, 303-319, 1981

Jensen, J. & J. Helms Jørgensen: The barley chromosome 5 linkage map. II. Extension of the map with four loci. Hereditas 80, 17-26, 1975

Kwon, H.J., J.S. Shin & K.C. Hong: Genetic analysis with powdery mildew resistant mutants of barley. I. Linkage relationship between semi-dwarf character of "Golden Promise" and powdery mildew resistance. Korean Journal of Breeding 14, 139-144, 1982

Lau, D.: Ein Beitrag zur ZUchtung mehitauresistenter Gersten. Sonderdruck aus "Zeitschrift für Pflanzenzüchtung". 48, 80-90, 1962

Luig, N.H., K.S. McWhirter & E.P. Baker: Mode of inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew in barley and evidence for an allelic series conditioning reaction. Pros. Linnean Society of New South Wales. 83(3), 340-362, 1958

Meyer, H. & C.O. Lehmann: Resistenzeihenschaften in Gersten- und Wüzensortiment Gatersleben. 22. PrUfung von Sommergersten auf ihr Verhalten gegen zwei neue Rassen von Mehltau (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. hordei Marchal). Kulturpflanze 27, 181-188, 1979

Moseman, J.G.: Genetics of powdery mildews. Annual Rev. of Phytopathology 4, 269-290, 1966

Moseman, J.G.: Studies of inheritance of resistance in barley to pathogenic organisms, 1963-1969. In: Barley Genetics II. pp. 535-541, 1971

Netsvetaev, V.P., R.M. Biyashev & A.A. Sozinov: Genetic control and mapping of three genetic factors in barley chromosome 1 and 5. Doklady Biol. Sciences 284 vol. 1/6, 580-584, 1986

Nilan, R.A.: The cytology and genetics of barley 1951-1962. Monographic supplement No. 3 vol. 32, No. 1 pp. 93-176. Washington state University. 1964

Schaller, C.W. & F.N. Briggs: Inheritance of resistance to mildew Erysiphe graminis hordei in barley variety Black Russian. Genetics 40, 421-428, 1955

Torp, J., H.P. Jensen r. J. Helms Jørgensen: Powdery mildew resistance genes in 106 north-west european spring barley varieties. Kgl. Vet.- og Landbohojsk. Arsskr. 1978, pp. 75-102, 1978

Wiberg, A.: Genetical studies of spontaneous sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley. Hereditas 77, 89-148, 1974a

Wiberg, A.: Sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley. Hereditas 78, 1-40, 1974b

Wise, Roger P. & A.H. Ellingboe: Infection kinetics of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei on barley with different alleles at the Ml-a locus. Phytopathology 73, 1220-1222, 1983

Wolfe, M.S. & E. Schwarzbach: The recent history of the evolution of barley powdery mildew in Europa. In: The Powdery Mildews. Edited by D.M. Spencer, Academic press, 1978

Wolfe, M.S., S.E. Slater & P.N. Minchin: Mildew of barley. In "U.K. Cereal Pathogen Virulence Survey", National Inst. Agric. Bot. , Cambridge, England, pp. 38-48, 1984

Yamagusch, I. & A. Yamashita: Induced mutation of two-rowed barley resistant to powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. I. Comparison of effects of gammarays and ethyleneimine in induction of resistant mutation.Japan J. Breed 29(3), 217-227, 1979