Udda Lundqvist1 and Jerome D. Franckowiak2
1Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden
2Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
Associating phenotypic traits with a given locus becomes more important as information about barley genes accumulates. Thus, we felt that the Barley Genetic Stock (BGS) descriptions should identify all reported mutants at a given locus or a series of similar and closely linked loci. Older BGS descriptions, which were not up-to-date, described specific seed stock accessions. When new and revised BGS descriptions were published in volume 26 of the Barley Genetics Newsletter, each BGS number was associated with one locus. Notes on the phenotypic expressions of mutant alleles, the number of known alleles, the estimated chromosomal position of the locus, and the literature citations were included in the revised BGS descriptions. Because near-isogenic or backcross-derived lines might be a valuable genetic resource, more than one seed stock is listed in many of the new and revised BGS descriptions.
The revised BGS descriptions do not correspond one to one with older BGS descriptions because in some cases individual alleles in a multiple allelic series were assigned different BGS numbers. In other cases, two or more descriptions were associated with the same BGS number. These problems were resolved except for the multiple allelic series at the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus.
In the new and revised BGS descriptions, the currently recommended locus and allele symbols were used and equivalent symbols were listed. Also, the Triticeae scheme for designating barley chromosomes was incorporated into the descriptions. The justifications for making these changes are outlined in BGN 26:1-8 and 22-43.
Six new or revised BGS descriptions are published in this volume of the Barley Genetics Newsletter (Table 1). The current list of new and revised BGS descriptions, including those in Table 1, are presented by BGS number order (Table 2) and by locus symbol in alphabetic order (Table 3). Information on the description location, recommended locus name, chromosomal location, previous gene symbols, and the primary genetic stock (GSHO number) are included in these lists. The GSHO stocks are held in the USDA-ARS Barley Genetic Stocks Collection at the National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA. This information is available through the Internet at the following addresses: (1) http://www.ars-grin.gov/ars/PacWest/Aberdeen and (2) gopher://www.ars-grin.gov:70/00/npgs/descriptors/barley-genetics (GRIN). Volume 26 of the Barley Genetics Newsletter is available at http://probe.nalusda.gov:8000/otherdocs/bgn/bgn26.
Table 1. A listing of Barley Genetic Stock (BGS) descriptions published in this issue of the Barley Genetics Newsletter, recommended locus symbols and names, and stock location information.
| BGS no. | Locus name | Chr. loc.+ | Locus name or phenotype | Descr. | GSHO | |
| Recom.* | Prev. | vol.,p. | no.** | |||
| 96 | Rph15 | Rph15 | 2HL | Reaction to Puccinia hordei 15 | 28: | 1586 |
| 343 | Lfb | Lfb | 5HL | Leafy bract | 28: | 1577 |
| 590 | Rph13 | Rph13 | Reaction to Puccinia hordei 13 | 28: | 1591 | |
| 591 | Rph14 | Rph14 | Reaction to Puccinia hordei 14 | 28: | 1592 | |
| 592 | yhd2 | yh2 | Yellow head 2 | 28: | 757 | |
| 593 | adp | adp | Awned palea | 28: | 1618 | |
* Recommended locus symbols are based on utilization of a three letter code for barley genes as approved at the business meeting of the Seventh International Barley Genetics Symposium at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, on August 5, 1996.
+ Chromosome numbers and arm designations are based on a resolution passed at the business meeting of the Seventh International Barley Genetics Symposium at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, on August 5, 1996. The Burnham and Hagberg (1956) designations of barley chromosomes were 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 while new designations based on the Triticeae system are 7H 2H 3H 4H 1H 6H and 5H, respectively.
** The seed stock associated with each BGS number is held as a GSHO stock number in the Barley Genetics Stock Collection at the USDA-ARS National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, Aberdeen, Idaho, USA.
Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 15 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph15
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial dominant (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2HL (1), over 32.3 cM distal from the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus, and over 38.8 cM proximal from the wst7 (white streak 7) locus (1).
Description:
The seedling reaction to most isolates of Puccinia hordei is a relatively large necrotic fleck (1). The seedling reaction of heterozygotes is indistinguishable from that of homozygous resistant seedlings. Alleles at this locus were found in six of the first seven Rph genes from Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum evaluated in Bowman backcross-derived lines (1, 2).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in accession PI 355447 of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum, but isolated in a selection that contained one Rph gene from the original accession crossed to Bowman (PI 483237) (1).
Mutational events:
Rph15.ad in PI 355447 (1, 2, 3), PI 354937, PI 391024, PI 391069, PI 391089, and PI 466245 (1, 2); PI 466245 has at least two genes for leaf rust resistance (4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Rph15.ad in selection from a cross to Bowman (GSHO 1586); Rph15.ad in Bowman*4 (GSHO 2330).
References:
1. Chicaiza, O. 1996. Genetic control of leaf rust in barley. Ph.D. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ. Fargo.
2. Chicaiza, O., J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J. Steffenson. 1996. New sources of resistance to leaf rust in barley. pp. 706-708. In A.E. Slinkard, G.J. Scoles, and B.G. Rossnagel (eds.) Proc. Fifth Int. Oat Conf. & Seventh Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Saskatoon. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
3. Franckowiak, J.D., Y. Jin, and B.J. Steffenson. 1997. Recommended allele symbols for leaf rust resistance genes in barley. BGN 27:36-44.
4. Jin, Y., and B.J. Steffenson. 1994. Inheritance of resistance to Puccinia hordei in cultivated and wild barley. J. Hered. 85:451-454.
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak and O. Chicaiza. 1998. BGN 28:
Locus name: Leafy bract
Locus symbol: Lfb
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial dominant (1) with variable expressivity.
Located in chromosome 5HL [7L] (1); but linkage has not been reconfirmed.
Description:
A leaf-like bract forms at the collar below the spike. The size of the leaf-like bract may vary from vestigial to 5 cm or longer (1). Tiller to tiller variation in bract size occurs and the bract is often larger in cultivars having six-rowed spikes.
Origin of mutant:
An induced mutant in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (1).
Mutational events:
Lfb1.a in Montcalm (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Lfb1.a in Montcalm (GSHO 1577); Lfb1.a in Bowman*7 (GSHO 2152).
References:
1. Walker, G.W.R., K. Kasha, and R.A. Miller. 1958. Recombination studies in barley. Proc. Genet. Soc. Can. 3:41-43.
2. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K.J. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak. 1998. BGN 28:
Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 13 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph13
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial dominant (2, 3).
Location is unknown (2).
Description:
The seedling reaction to most isolates of Puccinia hordei is a small necrotic fleck (2). The seedling reaction of heterozygotes is indistinguishable from that of homozygous resistant seedlings (2).
Origin of mutant:
Observed in line BS 99-2-1 (PI 531849) from the Cambridge Plant Breeding Institute (2, 3), which was selected from a Berac*3/HS 2986 cross having a Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum accession from Israel as the donor parent (3).
Mutational events:
Rph13.x in Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum and transferred to PI 531849 (1, 2, 3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Rph13.x in PI 531849 (GSHO 1591); Rph13.x in Bowman*3 (GSHO 2325).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D., Y. Jin, and B.J. Steffenson. 1997. Recommended allele symbols for leaf rust resistance genes in barley. BGN 27:36-44.
2. Jin, Y., G.H. Cui, B.J. Steffenson, and J.D. Franckowiak. 1996. New leaf rust resistance genes in barley and their allelic and linkage relationships with other Rph genes. Phytopathology 86:887-890.
3. Jin, Y., and B.J. Steffenson. 1994. Inheritance of resistance to Puccinia hordei in cultivated and wild barley. J. Hered. 85:451-454.
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1998. BGN 28:
Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 14 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph14
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial incomplete dominant (2, 3).
Location is unknown.
Description:
The seedling reaction to most isolates of Puccinia hordei ranges from chlorotic flecks to small lesions (2). Variability in seedling test conditions may alter the size and type of lesion observed. The seedling reaction of heterozygotes is frequently intermediate between that of resistant and susceptible seedlings (3).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in PI 531901-1 (PI 584760) from Egypt (3).
Mutational events:
Rph14.ab in PI 584760 (1, 2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Rph14.ab in PI 584760 (GSHO 1592); Rph14.ab in Bowman*2 (GSHO 2325).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D., Y. Jin, and B.J. Steffenson. 1997. Recommended allele symbols for leaf rust resistance genes in barley. BGN 27:36-44.
2. Jin, Y., G.H. Cui, B.J. Steffenson, and J.D. Franckowiak. 1996. New leaf rust resistance genes in barley and their allelic and linkage relationships with other Rph genes. Phytopathology 86:887-890.
3. Jin, Y., and B.J. Steffenson. 1994. Inheritance of resistance to Puccinia hordei in cultivated and wild barley. J. Hered. 85:451-454.
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1998. BGN 28:
Locus name: Yellow head 2
Locus symbol: yhd2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: Yellow head 2 = yh2 (1).
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1).
Location is unknown.
Description:
Seedlings are slightly yellow-green compared to normal sibs. The lighter green color persists until after heading. The phenotype is similar to that expressed by some chlorina mutants.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Compana (PI 539111).
Mutational events:
yhd2.b in Compana (Golden Compana).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
yhd2.b in Compana (GSHO 757); yhd2.b in Bowman*6 (GSHO 2037).
References:
1. Eslick, R.F. (unpublished).
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak. 1998. BGN 28:
Locus name: Awned palea
Locus symbol: adp
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1).
Location is unknown.
Description:
This mutant was isolated as a partially female sterile plant with abnormal spikes. The palea tip is elongated to form two awns. Pistils are often transformed into leafy buds to cause low female fertility and greatly reduced seed set. Two of the anthers appear normal and the third is deformed to some extent. Pollen fertility is good (1).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in an inbred line (1).
Mutational events:
adp1.a in an unknown line (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
adp1.a in a selection with the eog1.a (elongated outer glume) gene from AHOR 226 crossed to the unknown line (GSHO 1618); adp1.a in Bowman*2 (GSHO 1950).
References:
1. Ahokas, H. 1976. A mutant of barley: Awned palea. BGN 7:8-10.
Prepared: J.D. Franckowiak. 1998. BGN 28: