// cwc6.txt: Text file containing hard white wheat records
// created: 1/30/93
// format: Standard ACSII using blank lines as record breaks.
// Not converted with dos2unix.
// author: Kenneth D. Kephart
// Dept. of Agronomy
// University of Missouri
// comment: Number 6 of 9 files sent to greengenes.cit.cornell.edu
Cultivar Name: ADAMS
Name Abbreviation: AMS
Other ID Numbers: Oregon Sel. 42-5
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13722
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-514
Year of Release: 1968
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Oregon
Originator(s): Oregon AES
Pedigree: Idaed / Burt
Reference(s): 82, 550, 630, 631, 639, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ADAMS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 3,302
1974: 41,387
1979: 10,186
1984: 11,001
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Adams Wheat (Reg. No. 514).
Charles R. Rohde
'ADAMS' wheat, Triticum aestivum L. em Thell, Oregon Selection
42-5, CI 13722, is a hard white spring wheat cultivar developed by the
Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station at Pendleton, Oregon. It was a
bulked F4 line selected from the cross Idaed/Burt made in 1953. This
variety was selected on the basis of its resistance to common bunt and
its good milling quality as shown by the 5-gram mill test.
The phenotypic characteristics of Adams are as follows: spring
habit, mid-season, medium in plant height; stem white, medium strong;
spike, awned, oblong, mid-dense; glumes glabrous, white, mid-long to
long, midwide; shouders, narrow, oblique; beaks, narrow, acuminate, 2
to 4 mm long; awns white, 1 to 8 cm long; kernels, white midlong,
hard, ovate; germ, midsize; crease, midwide, middeep; cheeks, angular;
brush, midsized, short to midlong.
Adams is tolerant to stripe rust even though it becomes infected
readily. It is highly resistant to most races of common bunt, but it
is susceptible to the foot and root rot disease caused by Fusarium
roseum F. sp. cerealis 'culmorum.' For a spring wheat, Adam possesses
good resistance to winter injury.
Adams is well adapted for growing in eastern Oregon and
especially in Wallowa County where summers are fairly cool.
This variety yields more flour than varieties such as Idaed and
Federation. Since it is a hard white variety, it is suitable for
bread flour.
Adams was released in 1968. Breeder seed is available from the
Pendleton Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Pendleton,
Oregon, 97801.
Published in Crop Sci. 12: 398
Cultivar Name: ARLIN
Other ID Numbers: KSSB369-7
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: PI564246
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Kansas AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Unknown selection from a bulk population.
Cultivar Name: BURT
Name Abbreviation: BURT
Other ID Numbers: WA3524
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12696
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-375
Year of Release: 1956
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): Washington AES; Oregon AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Turkey Red / Florence /2/ Fortyfold / Federation
/4/ Oro /2/ Turkey Red / Florence /3/ Oro /2/
Fortyfold / Federation, Sel. 27-15) /5/ Rio / Rex
Reference(s): 81, 82, 304, 487, 627, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BURT wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 317,421
1964: 342,686
1969: 66,852
1974: 7,160
1979: 5,320
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF BURT WHEAT (Reg. No. 375)
E. G. Heyne
BURT, CI 12696, is a hard, white, winter wheat distributed
cooperatively by the Washington and Oregon Agricultural Experiment
Stations and the Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, in 1956. This
variety was selected from the cross 27-15 X Rio-Rex made at Washington
in 1944 by O. A. Vogel. Cross 27-15 is the compound cross from which
Brevor was selected (Reg. No. 374). The final selection was made in
1948 and assigned selection number 41. Burt was named to honor the
late Dr. Burton B. Bayles, wheat breeder in the U. S. Department of
Agriculture. O. A. Vogel applied for registration.
Burt is recommended in areas of 14 inches or less of rainfall in
Washington and Oregon. In 64 trials in eastern Washington, Burt
outyielded Rio, the standard hard bread wheat, by 17%. In 52 trials
in Oregon, Burt outyielded Rio by 19%. Burt is the only commercially
grown bread type wheat which competed in yield performance with the
soft white and club varieties. Burt is highly resistant to all races
of common and dwarf smut. The variety mills satisfactorily and the
flour has a strong gluten with bread-baking qualities similar to Rio
and other strong gluten wheats. Burt shatters less than most Turkey
wheats but slightly more than Elmar and Omar. Burt matures early, has
a short stiff straw with a white culm; the spikes are awned and
oblong; the glumes are glabrous and white; the kernels are hard and
white.
Published in Agron. J. 51:689-692.
Cultivar Name: CANADIAN RED
Name Abbreviation: CR
Other Name(s): Canadian Spring
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6282
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-165
Year of Release: 1919
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): F.G. Stokes, Kelseyville, CA
Pedigree: Unknown
Reference(s): 133, 157, 163, 168, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CANADIAN RED wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 300
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 167
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CASCADE
Name Abbreviation: CCD
Other ID Numbers: CAN3593
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12376
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-345
Year of Release: 1947
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Quality / Pacific Bluestem /2/ (Hope / Reward,
C26-59.2D) /3/ Onas
Reference(s): 64, 151, 254, 255, 256, 569
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CASCADE WHEAT (Reg. No. 345)
J. A. Clark
CASCADE arose from a cross also made by cerealists of the Central
Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, in 1936, between (Quality A X
Pacific Bluestem) X C-26-59.2D and Onas. Cascade has a medium long,
beardless head with white smooth chaff. Its straw is moderately long
and strong; kernels white and ovate. It ripens in about the same
number of days as does Marquis. It is highly resistant to stem rust
and mildew; moderately resistant to loose smut and moderately
susceptible to bunt and leaf rust.
Cascade is a soft to semihard white wheat, but is not especially
recommended for the pastry trade. It has, however, fair flour quality
for general household purposes.
This variety has been an outstanding yielder where it has been
tested in Canada. It has done exceptionally well on Vancouver Island
and at all the Eastern Branch Farms and Stations. It was increased in
1947 at several points in eastern Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritime
Provinces, and to a limited extent on Vancouver Island. It is not
recommended for growing in the Prairie Provinces, or in the United
States.
Published in Agron. J. 42:408-409.
Cultivar Name: CHEROKEE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11405
Year of Release: <1934
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Georgia
Originator(s): Georgia AES
Pedigree: CItr04159 pure line selection.
Cultivar Name: CLARK'S CREAM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: PI476305
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Earl G. Clark, Sedgwick, KS
Pedigree: Composite bulk of KanKing / Golden 50 or KanKing /
Golden Chief selections.
Reference(s): 188
Cultivar Name: COULEE
Name Abbreviation: CLE
Other ID Numbers: WA4984
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14483
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-536
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): Washington AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Suweon 92 / 4*Burt
Reference(s): 6, 11, 82, 194, 268, 373
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for COULEE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 2,200
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Coulee Wheat (Reg. No. 536).
R. E. Allan and O. A. Vogel
'COULEE' wheat (Triticum aestivum L., CI 14483) is a semidwarf
hard white, bread-type cultivar selected from the cross 'Suwon
92'/4*'Burt' made at Pullman, Washington in 1961. Coulee was
developed cooperatively by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA and
the College of Agriculture, Washington State University. It was
jointly released to growers by the Agricultural Research Service and
College of Agriculture Research Center, Washington State University in
1971.
Coulee has short, white straw that varies from 60 to 90 cm and
usually is 15 to 30 cm shorter than Burt. Otherwise it is
morphologically similar to Burt. The spike is awned, oblong to dense,
erect to inclined, with white glabrous, midlong to midwide glumes.
Awns are white, 1 to 5 cm long. Coulee has white, midlong, hard ovate
kernels with a small germ; shallow, midwide crease; and a midsized
short to midlong brush.
Coulee is similar to Burt in growth habit, maturity,
winterhardiness, and test weight. It is superior to Burt in
resistance to lodging and shattering. Coulee emerges about equal to
Burt, better than 'Nugaines,' but generally poorer than 'Wanser.'
Coulee is resistant to the races of stripe rust prevalent in the
Pacific Northwest and is less damaged by Cercosporella foot rot
(strawbreaker) than Burt. Coulee is like Burt in resistance to common
bunt, resistance to flag smut, susceptibility to several races of
dwarf bunt, and high susceptibility to dryland foot rot (Fusarium).
It is more susceptible to powdery mildew than Burt.
Coulee is recommended primarily for 28 to 38 cm rainfall areas of
Washington, especially for intensive management systems and conditions
where stripe rust is a problem. Coulee is more productive than Burt
in the 28 to 38 and 39 to 46 cm rainfall areas. It has exceeded the
yield of Burt by 23 and 12% in these areas, respectively, during a 4-
year period. Coulee has yielded slightly less than Wanser in the 28
to 38 cm rainfall areas, but it outyielded Wanser by 8% in the 39 to
46 cm rainfall areas. When grown under conditions of drought and
severe freezing temperatures and in the absence of stripe rust, Coulee
has shown no advantage over Wanser.
Like Burt, Coulee has satisfactory milling and break-baking
quality characteristics. It should be handled separately from common
soft white and club wheats to prevent intermixing of varieties with
distinctly different end-use qualities.
Breeder seed of Coulee will be maintained by the Washington Crop
Improvement Association at Washington State University, Pullman, WA
99163.
Published in Crop Sci. 14:340
Cultivar Name: FLOMAR
Name Abbreviation: FLM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11707
Year of Release: 1933
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): Washington AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Florence / Marquis
Reference(s): 154, 163
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FLOMAR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 65
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: FLORENCE
Name Abbreviation: F
Other ID Numbers: PI038349, CAN1490
Other Name(s): Burbank's Quality, Quality
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4170
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-023
Year of Release: 1914
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Australia
Originator(s): William Farrer, New South Wales
Pedigree: White Naples / Improved Fife /2/ Improved Fife /
Eden
Reference(s): 64, 147, 152, 153, 154, 155, 157, 161, 162, 163,
164, 166, 168, 170, 255, 256, 283, 374, 441, 511,
512, 627, 628, 655, 664, 744, 757
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FLORENCE wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 11,876
1929: 131,842
1934: 120,733
1939: 142,298
1944: 46,584
1949: 5,797
1954: 100
1959: 360
1964: 24
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GENESIS
Other ID Numbers: 7722-AN4B, HY355
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1990
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada Research Station, Swift
Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: (Tobari 66 / Romany, HY320) /2/ (NB402, Pitic 62 /
Gaines)
Cultivar Name: GOLDEN 86
Other ID Numbers: GP5179
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seeds and Research, Inc., Bozeman, MT
Pedigree: Plainsman V / Kodiak Dwarf / Goertzen 3028
Cultivar Name: HYBRID 60
Name Abbreviation: HBR060
Species: T. aestivum var. compactum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-194
Year of Release: 1905
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): Washington AES
Pedigree: Turkey Red / Little Club
Reference(s): 133, 168, 664
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: JUMBUCK
Name Abbreviation: JBK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4608
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-106
Year of Release: 1911
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Australia
Originator(s): William Farrer, New South Wales
Pedigree: Improved Fife / Tardent's Blue /2/ Lambrigg
Australian Talavera
Reference(s): 133, 157, 168, 441
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: KS84HW196
Other ID Numbers: KS84HW196
Other Name(s): 196, Kansas White
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Kansas AES
Pedigree: Bison / Sterling /2/ 3*Scout /3/ Eagle /4/
Pinnacle / 2*Eagle
Cultivar Name: KLASIC
Name Abbreviation: KSC
Other ID Numbers: NK77S1817
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI486139
PVP Reg. Number: 8200095
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 08/19/82
Year of Release: 1982
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Woodvale, CA
Pedigree: Klein Rendidor / 2*Sonora 64 /2/ Inia 66 /3/ Ciano
67 /4/ Yecora 70
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KLASIC wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 2,690
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LYNN
Name Abbreviation: LYNN
Other Name(s): Arizona No. 39, Lynn Rust Proof, Pride of Oregon
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6346
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-026
Year of Release: 1914
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): Lynn Brothers, Paso Robles, CA
Pedigree: Defiance / Surprise selection.
Reference(s): 133, 154, 157, 162, 163, 166, 168, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LYNN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 9,300
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 2,312
1939: 115
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MARICOPA
Name Abbreviation: MIC
Other ID Numbers: AZ 5525-4
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14129
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-465
Year of Release: 1966
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Arizona AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Ramona 50 /3/ Ramona 44 /2/ Norin 10 / Brevor
Reference(s): 194, 197, 549, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MARICOPA wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 4,037
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Maricopa Wheat (Reg. No. 465).
A. D. Day, R. K. Thompson, and F. M. Carasso
'Maricopa' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 14129, was
released in 1966 by the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station and
the Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture. Maricopa is a semihard-to-hard, white,
spring wheat with the following parentage: 'Ramona 50' 3C 'Ramona 44'
2X 'Norin 10' X 'Brevor-14.' The first cross (Norin X Brevor) was
made at Pullman, Wash., in 1949. Norin 10 is a semidwarf wheat from
Japan, and Brevor is a white, winter wheat from the Pacific Northwest.
Selection 14 was obtained from O.A. Vogel, Pullman, Wash., in 1954.
The female parent in the second cross was Ramona 44, a white, spring
wheat adapted to the Southwest. In the third cross, the female parent
was Ramona 50, the variety most commonly grown in Arizona and
preferred by flour mills.
Selection for the variety was made at Mesa, Ariz., in 1960. The
original plant was identified as 'Arizona 5525-4. The second and
third crosses, selections, and evaluations were all made in Arizona.
Maricopa is adapted to the irrigated areas of Arizona and to
other areas of the Southwest where Ramona 50 is grown. This variety
has performed well in its area of adaptation. It has a number of
morphological and physiological characteristics that distinguish it
from Ramona 50. Maricopa is shorter, has more tillers per plant, and
is more resistant to lodging when grown under irrigation. It has
long, stiff awns, and is less susceptible to bird damage than Ramona
50, which is awnless. Maricopa is 5 to 10 days later in maturity than
Ramona 50. When grown as recommended, Maricopa has produced over 25%
more grain than Ramona 50. The bushel weight, general milling, and
baking qualities of Maricopa are similar to those of Ramona 50.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the Arizona Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 7:405
Cultivar Name: NORQUAY
Name Abbreviation: NQY
Other ID Numbers: UM607A
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17343
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Ontario
Pedigree: Lerma Rojo 64 / Sonora 64 /2/ Justin
Reference(s): 189, 194, 239
Cultivar Name: PHOENIX
Name Abbreviation: PNX
Other ID Numbers: UC221, WW33
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17962
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-693
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Australia
Originator(s): Univ. Melbourne, Australia; California AES
Pedigree: (Yaktana 54 /2/ Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 3*Andes /4/
Norin 10 / Brevor /2/ Lerma Rojo, WW15)*2 /5/
(WW80, Penjamo 62 / 4*Gabo 56 /2/ Tezanos Pintos
Precoz / Nainari 60)
Reference(s): 588
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of 'Phoenix' Wheat (Reg. No. 693).
A.T. Pugsley, J.R. Syme, C.O. Qualset, and H. E. Vogt
'PHOENIX' hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg.
no. 693), WW33, CI 17962, was selected at the Agricultural Research
Institute, Wagga Wagga, Australia by Albert T. Pugsley and released
jointly in 1981 by the University of Melbourne and the University of
California for use in California. it is a pure-line selection from
the backcross WW15 x WW80. The two parents, both having spring growth
habit, were introductions to the Australian program from Mexico. WW15
is very similar, if no identical, to 'Anza' and has the parentage
('Lerma Rojo' X 'Norin 10'-'Brevor') X ('Yaktana 54' X Norin 10-
Brevor) X 'Andes'. WW80 is a selection from 'Penjamo 62' X 'Gabo 56')
X 'Tezanos Pintos Precoz' X 'Nainari 60'). Two important Australian
white-grained cultivars, 'Condor' and 'Oxley', both having spring
growth habit, were selected from the same cross as Phoenix.
The cross and backcross were completed by J. R. Syme in 1967.
The selection of plants with vernalization requirement from line
number 7165 was done by A. T. Pugsley from a summer planting in 1971
at Wagga Wagga. The plants having vernalization requirement headed
very late. Seeds from these plants were multiplied under the
designation WW33. WW33 was sent to California by Pugsley in 1972
where it was evaluated in state regional trials as UC221. The
cultivar was multiplied for release by head-rows with selection for
uniformity applied before bulking. Pugsley predicted on genetic
grounds that segregates should be found within this cross that would
have winter growth habit. This prediction was realized and its seems
that Phoenix, with the gene vrn1, and an unidentified gene vrnx, is
the first true winter wheat cultivar to be selected from a cross of
two parents having spring growth habit.
Phoenix has been extensively evaluated in eastern Australia and
California and was included in the 13th and 14th International Winter
Wheat Nurseries (Nebraska, unpublished data). When planted at the
recommended period (November-December) Phoenix has grain yield
performance equivalent to Anza in California. Phoenix maintains its
high grain yield over a wider range of planting times than Anza does,
unless, of course, it is planted so late the vernalization requirement
is not met. The advantage of Phoenix over Anza is the Central Valley
of California is realized with early plantings (October) because it
flowering is delayed enough to avoid frost damage at flowering time.
Anza planted early, being photoperiod and thermal insensitive, tends
to flower early and is more subject to late winter frost damage than
Phoenix. When plantings are made in April or later Phoenix will not
flower, or at most a few tillers may produce spikes. It is
photoperiod insensitive. Phoenix and Anza both have white glumes with
awned erect spikes. Both cultivars have similar plant height (80 to
90 cm in irrigated production fields) the Rht1 dwarfing gene.
Phoenix, like Anza, has a low frequency (about 0.1%) of plants 10 to
15 cm taller than the rest of the population. Phoenix is resistant to
the predominant strains of Puccinia striiformis West. present i
California at the time of its release.
Phoenix is a hard white winter wheat, with grain shape is similar
to Anza, hectoliter weight is equivalent to Anza, and shows
yellowberry at low protein levels. Phoenix and Anza have similar end-
use properties (general purpose flours) at low grain protein
concentrations and Phoenix has more desirable breadmaking properties
than Anza at higher protein levels.
Breeder seed is maintained by the Foundation Seed and Plant
Materials Serv., Dept. of Agronomy and Range Science, Univ. of
California, Davis, CA 95616.
Published in Crop Sci. 25:573-574
Cultivar Name: PUSA NO. 4
Name Abbreviation: PU4
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI041682
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-292
Year of Release: 1915
or Introduction
Place of Origin: India
Originator(s): USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Federation hybrid introduced from India.
Reference(s): 142, 161
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PUSA NO. 4 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 589
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RAMONA 44
Name Abbreviation: RO44
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12390
Year of Release: 1945
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES
Pedigree: Martin / 3*White Federation /2/ 6*Ramona /3/ Hope
/ 6*White Federation /2/ 3*Ramona
Reference(s): 64, 155, 655
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RAMONA 44 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 189,967
1954: 161,456
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RAMONA 50
Name Abbreviation: RO50
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12390
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-429
Year of Release: 1951
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Martin / 3*Hard Federation /2/ 6*Ramona /3/ White
Federation 38 / 2*Ramona
Reference(s): 81, 82, 196, 480, 630, 631, 665
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RAMONA 50 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 103,386
1974: 20,188
1979: 18,754
1984: 2,881
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Ramona 50 Wheat (Reg. No. 429).
C. W. Schaller
'RAMONA 50,' Triticum aestivum L., CI 12390, is a white spring
wheat derived from a composite of 62F8 lines of the cross [White
Federation 38 X Ramona*2] X [Martin X Hard Federation*3) X Ramona*6].
It differs from the original Ramona in its resistance to bunt and stem
rust. Ramona 50 was released by the California Experiment Station in
1951.
The variety is awnless, has bronze glumes, and a lax spike that
tapers to a point. The straw is short and stiff, the kernels are hard
and white, and it is fairly shatter resistant. Ramona 50 is the
earliest wheat variety grown in California. It is the most popular
variety in the state since its release in 1951 until the present time
and most desirable for its milling qualities. It does well under
irrigation and where moisture is limited and high temperatures occur
early, especially in the Imperial and San Joaquin valleys. It is used
for late planting in the Sacramento Valley.
The California Agricultural Experiment Station at Davis maintains
foundation seed of Ramona 50 and certified seed is available in
quantity. Ramona 50 has been described elsewhere.
Published in Crop Sci. 4:447
Cultivar Name: REGENERATED DEFIANCE
Name Abbreviation: RD
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3703
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-027
Year of Release: 1907
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): Colorado AES
Pedigree: Defiance pure line selection.
Reference(s): 133, 153, 157, 166, 168, 169, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for REGENERATED DEFIANCE wheat from
1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 209
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RIO BLANCO
Other ID Numbers: W81-162
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: PI531244
PVP Reg. Number: 8900120
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Nickerson American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: (Teewon Sib. / Tascosa, OK711252A) /8/ (W76-1226,
CO652803 /6/ (II-23584, Ciano 67 /2/ Sonora 64 /
Klien Rendidor /5/ (II-8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya
58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/
Gabo 55)) /7/ Centurk). Teewon Sib. is a selection
from an x-rayed Wichita*2 / TAP48 derivative (see
Payne hard red winter wheat).
Cultivar Name: SCHONACHER
Name Abbreviation: SCN
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr5942
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-071
Place of Origin: Unknown
Reference(s): 133, 166, 168, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SCHONACHER wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 1,000
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: SEVIER
Name Abbreviation: SVE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6247
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-168
Year of Release: <1918
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Utah
Pedigree: Unknown.
Reference(s): 64, 133, 155, 157, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170,
742
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SEVIER wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 900
1924: 2,226
1929: 2,872
1934: 179
1939: 50
1944: 875
1949: 1,002
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: SIETE CERROS 66
Name Abbreviation: 7C
Other ID Numbers: II-8156-1M-2R-4M
Other Name(s): II-8156
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14493
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-503
Year of Release: 1966
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): INIA; CIMMYT
Pedigree: (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55
Reference(s): 194, 329, 551, 586, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SIETE CERROS 66 wheat from 1919
to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 50,162
1974: 157,248
1979: 19,129
1984: 164
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Siete Cerros 66 and Super X Wheats (Reg. Nos. 503 and
504).
INIA and CIMMYT Wheat Programs
'SIETE CERROS 66' (Reg. No. 503) and 'SUPER X' (Reg. No. 504)
wheats (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) C.I 14493 and 15230
respectively, were developed by the Cooperative Program of the
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas (INIA) and the
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico
from the cross 'Penjamo' sib X 'Gabo 55.' The cross and selection
number for both varieties was II-8156-1M-2R-4M. They were both
released in 1966.
Both Siete Cerros 66 and Super X are intermediate in maturity,
one-gene semidwarfs averaging 95 to 105 cm in height, possessing good
straw strength. Their spikes are brown, fully awned, erect and
middense to dense. Siete Cerros is a white-seeded variety and Super X
is a red-seeded sister. Both varieties have grain which is semihard
and medium sized. A seed sample from either cultivar would have many
different grain sizes due to the excellent multiple floret fertility
of these cultivars.
Both cultivars are resistant to many races of leaf, stem and
strip rusts, but are currently susceptible to all three rusts in
Mexico. They have wide adaptation and excellent yield potential as
demonstrated in the 3rd, 4th and 5th International Spring Wheat Yield
Nurseries (ISWYN). They have a very tenacious gluten; therefore,
their bread-making quality is poor.
Experimental quantities of seed may be obtained from CIMMYT,
Londres 40, Mexico 6, D.F. Commercial quantities of either variety
may be obtained from the Productora Nacional de Semillas, Progreso 3,
Coyoacan, D.F.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:131
Cultivar Name: TALIMKA
Name Abbreviation: TLK
Other Name(s): Saumur
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3717
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-124
Year of Release: 1904
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): USDA
Pedigree: Landrace introduction from Russian Turkestan.
Reference(s): 133, 157, 168, 664
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: UTAC
Species: T. aestivum var. compactum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr10045
Year of Release: 1928
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Utah
Originator(s): Utah AES
Pedigree: Dicklow / Sevier
Reference(s): 64, 155, 161, 162, 163, 164
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for UTAC wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 448
1934: 610
1939: 3,960
1944: 4,291
1949: 501
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: WHITE FEDERATION 54
Name Abbreviation: WFR54
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13361
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-420
Year of Release: 1954
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES
Pedigree: White Federation 45 / 2*White Federation 38
Reference(s): 81, 480, 631, 795
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for WHITE FEDERATION 54 wheat from
1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 30,577
1974: 63
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of White Federation 54 Wheat (Reg. No. 420).
C. W. Schaller
WHITE FEDERATION 54 is a hard white spring wheat, developed by
the California Agricultural Experiment Station and first released in
1954.
This variety combines the stem rust resistance of White
Federation 38 (from Hope) with a Kenya type rust resistance (from
Eureka), retaining the smut resistance and agronomic characteristics
of White Federation 38.
White Federation 45 (Eureka X White Federation X 385) was
obtained from Mr. Pugsley, formerly of the Waite Agricultural Research
Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, in 1946. It was crossed with
White Federation 38 in 1949 and backcrossed to White Federation 38 in
1959. Selection for rust resistant types was continued each
generation until the summer of 1953 when 232 F4 lines were composited
to form White Federation 54. White Federation 38 had given ample rust
protection from its release until the season of 1952. when race 11
became established. Severe damage occurred on White Federation 38 and
Ramona 50, which heretofore were resistant. White Federation 54 is
resistant to race 11.
Agronomically and morphologically it is identical to White
Federation 38. The breeding procedure was designed to maintain the
desirable agronomic characteristics which made White Federation an
important and widely adopted variety in California.
Published in Crop Sci. 3:457
Cultivar Name: WHITE REDCHIEF
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15287
Year of Release: <1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Earl G. Clark, Sedgwick, Kansas
Pedigree: RedChief pure line selection.
Cultivar Name: WORLD SEEDS 1
Name Abbreviation: WS1
Other Name(s): Yield 1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17347
PVP Reg. Number: 7400099
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): World Seeds, Inc., Oceanside, CA
Pedigree: Unknown.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for WORLD SEEDS 1 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 1,330
1979: 21,479
1984: 96
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: YECORA 70
Name Abbreviation: YR
Other ID Numbers: II-23584-26Y-2M-1Y-0M
Other Name(s): II-23584
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15390
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Ciano 67 /2/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /5/ (II-
8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin
10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 194, 373, 630, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for YECORA 70 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 358
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------